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Quick Answer
You do not strictly need a PCIe 5.0 (ATX 3.0) PSU for the RTX 4080, but it is recommended. ATX 3.0 PSUs include a native 12VHPWR connector, eliminating the need for adapters. They also handle power transients better, which matters for high-end GPUs.
ATX 3.0 is the latest PSU standard that includes native 12VHPWR (12+4 pin) connectors for modern GPUs. It also requires PSUs to handle up to 200% transient power spikes for up to 100 microseconds, significantly better than older ATX 2.x units.
The RTX 4080 comes with a 12VHPWR to 2x8-pin adapter. If you have a quality ATX 2.x PSU with two 8-pin PCIe connectors and sufficient wattage (850W recommended), it will work. Make sure the adapter is properly seated and not bent at sharp angles.
Early 12VHPWR adapters had melting issues due to poor connection. Current NVIDIA adapters are improved but the cleanest solution is a native ATX 3.0 PSU. If using an adapter, ensure it clicks fully into the GPU connector.
If buying a new PSU for an RTX 4080 build, get ATX 3.0. The price premium is minimal ($10-20 AUD) and you avoid adapter concerns entirely. If reusing a quality existing PSU, the adapter works fine.
Our Verdict
An ATX 3.0 PSU is recommended but not required for the RTX 4080. If buying new, spend the extra $10-20 for native 12VHPWR. If reusing a quality PSU with sufficient wattage, the included adapter works.